ICI Metals | Metals – Carbon and Alloy Steel

Carbon & Alloy Steel

Steel is used in practically everything industry from large building infrastructure, railways, appliances, cars, construction materials, and aerospace.

ICI Metals offers a variety of carbon and alloy steel including:

• Grades 1018, 1045, 1215, 12L14, 4140, 8620, e.t.d.150® and STRESSPROOF®. Other grades may be available for mill orders.

• Shapes available include round,square, hex and rectangle,other shapes available upon request.

For more details about the grades that we carry, please click on a link below:

• 1018

• 1045

• 1215

• 12L14

• 4140

• 8620

• e.t.d.150®

• STRESSPROOF®

1018 Alloy Steel

Request Quote

This low carbon steel has good case hardening properties. Although not classed as a screw machine steel, at times it may be specified. This is an excellent steel for bending and cold forming, with good brazing and welding properties.

Overview
Shape	Round, Square, Flat, Hexagon
Grade	1018
Tolerance	Meets cold finished carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	Case hardened parts where core strength is not critical. Widely used in shafting applications

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.15/0.20
Manganese	0.60/0.90
Phosphorus	0.04 (Max)
Sulphur	0.05 (Max)

Medical Properties
Tensile Strength	64,000psi
Yield Strength	54,000psi
Elongation in 2"	15%
Reduction of Area	40%
Brinell Hardness	126
Machinability	CF 70% HR 52% (C1212=100%)

PLEASE NOTE: All technical data is for comparison purposes only and should not be used for design purposes. Please consult an engineer to discuss specific recommendations regarding the appropriate metal for your project or application.

1045 Carbon Steel

Request Quote

This medium carbon steel is used for heat treating (quenching and tempering). Although it has only a fair response to conventional quenching, it is widely used where requirements are not too stringent. It is also used extensively in induction hardening applications. This is not normally considered a screw machine steel and is only fair for brazing and welding. However, it can be forged satisfactorily and is the most common shafting steel in the medium carbon range.

Overview
Shape	Round, Square, Flat, Hexagon
Grade	1045
Tolerance	Meets cold finished carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	Medium strength parts, particularly where hardenability for wear or higher strength is needed. Shafts for hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.43/0.50
Manganese	0.60/0.90
Phosphorus	0.04 (Max)
Sulphur	0.05 (Max)

Medical Properties
Tensile Strength	91,000psi
Yield Strength	77,000psi
Elongation in 2"	12%
Reduction of Area	35%
Brinell Hardness	179
Machinability	CF 65% HR 56% (C1212=100%)

1215 Carbon Steel

Request Quote

1215 has essentially eliminated a number of similar free machining grades, such as 1212. Both 1215 and 1213 machine considerably faster than 1212 and provide good surface finish and brazing properties. These steels are difficult to weld and are not recommended for case hardening. They are generally used where mechanical properties can be sacrificed for machinability.

Overview
Shape	Round, Hexagon
Grade	1215
Tolerance	Meets cold finished carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	Screw machine parts that are not subject to severe stresses.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.09 (Max)
Manganese	0.75/1.05
Phosphorus	0.04/0.09
Sulphur	0.26/0.35

Medical Properties
Tensile Strength	78,000psi
Yield Strength	60,000psi
Elongation in 2"	10%
Reduction of Area	35%
Brinell Hardness	167
Machinability	CF 136% (C1212=100%)

12L14 Carbon Steel

Request Quote

A free machining, resulphurized, lead-bearing steel for high volume production parts. Used for parts where considerable machining is required. With good ductility, this grade can be used for parts involving bending, crimping, or riveting.

Overview
Shape	Round, Hexagon
Grade	12L14
Tolerance	Meets cold finished carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	With its fast machinability it is a favorite for automatic screw machine parts like bushings, inserts, couplings, and fittings.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.15 (Max)
Manganese	0.85/1.15
Phosphorus	0.04/0.09
Sulphur	0.26/0.35
Lead	0.15/.35

Medical Properties
Tensile Strength	78,000psi
Yield Strength	60,000psi
Elongation in 2"	10%
Reduction of Area	35%
Brinell Hardness	165
Machinability	180% (C1212=100%)

4140 Alloy Steel

Request Quote

This alloy responds well to heat treatment. Its chromium content provides good hardness penetration, and the molybdenum imparts uniformity of hardness and high strength. In the annealed condition it machines at 110 sfm. Other desirable properties include good wear resistance, excellent toughness and good ductility in the quenched and tempered condition.

Overview
Shape	Round, Hexagon, Flats
Grade	4140
Tolerance	Meets commercial carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	Highly stressed parts, or parts subject to severe wear.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.15 (Max)
Manganese	0.75/1.00
Phosphorus	0.035 (Max)
Sulphur	0.04 (Max)
Silicon	0.15/0.35
Chromium	0.80/1.10
Molybdenum	0.15/0.25

8620 Alloy Steel

Request Quote

The most widely used carburizing alloy. Its nickel content imparts good toughness and ductility. The chromium and molybdenum increases hardness penetration and wear-ability. This steel's well balanced alloy content permits hardening to produce a strong, tough core and high case hardness. It machines at 110 sfm and has good welding qualities.

Overview
Shape	Round
Grade	8620
Tolerance	Meets cold finished carbon steel bar manufacturing tolerances
Application	Structural parts such as gears, pinions, spline shafts, pins and a variety of other important applications requiring a hard wear surface and a ductile core.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.18/0.23
Manganese	0.70/0.90
Phosphorus	0.035 (Max)
Sulphur	0.04 (Max)
Silicon	0.15/0.35
Nickel	0.40/0.70
Chromium	0.40/0.60
Molybdenum	0.15/0.25
Machinability	CF 63 HR 60 (C1212=100%)

PLEASE NOTE: All technical data is for comparison purposes only and should not be used for design purposes. Please consult an engineer to discuss specific recommendations regarding the appropriate metal for your project or application.

e.t.d. 150®

Request Quote

A high strength material made by Niagara LaSalle's patented "e.t.d."® (elevated temperature drawing) process. Eliminates heat treating and secondary operations such as straightening, finish grinding, cleaning, and inspections. "e.t.d." 150® can be roll threaded, knurled and plated. Suitable for induction hardening. "e.t.d." 150® is also electro-magnetically tested using induced eddy currents.

Overview
Shape	Rounds (7/16" through 3-1/2")
Grade	produced from AISI medium carbon 4100 series alloy steel
Tolerance	7/16" to 1-1/2" incl 0.005" Over 1-1/2 to 2-1/2 incl 0.006" Over 2-1/2" to 3-1/2" incl 0.007
Application	Parts you are now heat treating from Rc 30 to Rc 36.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.40 Min
Manganese	0.70/1.10
Phosphorus	0.15/0.35
Sulphur	0.80/1.20
Lead	0.15/0.25

Medical Properties

Tensile Strength

115,000 psi

Yield Strength

130,000 psi

Elongation

10%(Mean)

Reduction of Area

37% (Mean)

Machinability

75% of 1212

Rockwell C hardness
Brinell Hardness

** 32 Min.
**302 Min.

MICRO-STRUCTURE

Ferritic fine grain and fine pearlite. Fine grain size 5-8.

SIZE RANGE

7/16" rounds through 3-1/2"

TOLERANCES
(Tolerances, in decimals of an inch, provide for undersize variation only.)

Rounds
7/16" to 1-1/2" incl.	0.005"
Over 1-1/2" to 2-1/2" incl.	0.006"
Over 2-1/2" to 3-1/2" incl.	0.007"

LENGTH

11'/13'

FINISH

1.	Standard "as drawn" finish is smooth, accurate and dark in color.
2.	Ground and Polished finish provides close tolerances, high accuracies and bright surface. Rounds only.

EXAMPLE OF USE

Parts you are now heat treating from Rc 30 to Rc 36.

* "e.t.d." 150® contains additives for improving machinability. These may be Tellurium, Selenium, Sulphur (.06 max), or others, separately or in combination.

**In the event of disagreement between hardness and tensile strength, the tensile strength shall govern.

e.t.d 150® brochure»

PLEASE NOTE: All technical data is for comparison purposes only and should not be used for design purposes. Please consult an engineer to discuss specific recommendations regarding the appropriate metal for your project or application.

STRESSPROOF®

Request Quote

STRESSPROOF® is made by a patented process which consists of drawing the bar through a special die under heavy draft, then stress relieving it in a precisely controlled furnace. STRESSPROOF® offers improved wearability without case hardening, strength without heat treating, plus excellent machinability and tool life. STRESSPROOF® is electro-magnetically tested using eddy currents. Other benefits include resistance to fatigue and stress, balanced working and minimum warpage and distortion.

STRESSPROOF® can also be induction hardened, but should be watched for quench cracks.

100,000 psi minimum yield strength. Strength without heat treating. Guaranteed machinability, minimum warpage. Elimination of heat treating means energy savings and reduced processing costs. Overview

Overview
Shape	Rounds 1/4" through 4-1/2" Hexagons 1/4" through 2"
Grade	ASTM A311
Tolerance	Rounds: 1/4" to 1-1/2" incl.0.004" Over 1-1/2" to 2-1/2" incl.0.005" Over 2-1/2" to 4 incl.0.006" Over 4" to 4-1/2" incl.0.007" Hexagons: 1/4" to 3/4" incl.0.004" Over 3/4" to 1-1/2" incl.0.005" Over 1-1/2" to 2" incl.0.006"
Application	Parts you are now heat treating from Rc 23 to Rc 30. A uniform material which provides exceptional quality for Production, maintenance or special machine parts.

Stressproof Difference: The Only Steel Bar Pretested for Machinability

Consistent quality is becoming increasingly important to steel users over a wide range of products. This is particularly true in the case of the uniformity of machinability of cold finished steel bars, because of the ever greater automation in the machine shop. The present new generation of computer-controlled machine tools is less tolerant of differences in tool life, emphasizing the need for materials that are dependable performers.

Niagara LaSalle has recognized this need for product uniformity, since it has worked in the field of machining for many years in close contact with production machine shops. Through the years, the desirability of having available a quick and inexpensive machinability test that could be used as a routine quality control check was often discussed. Finally, several years ago, after much painstaking research, Niagara LaSalle did develop a new machinability test ideally suited for quality control purposes and the monitoring of certain specialty products where uniform machinability is important.

Niagara LaSalle's machining test is different from most other tests now in use in that it is basically a "go/no-go" test, which is an integral part of the machining cycle used to prepare the standard tension test specimen needed for releasing every lot of STRESSPROOF® produced. When this machining procedure is done with a modern computer-controlled lathe, the test is simple, accurate, and inexpensive to carry out.

It is recognized that this test will not pick up every conceivable problem associated with machining, particularly those related to residual stresses or surface problems. However, the test is very sensitive to effects associated with the basic nature of the steel, such as tensile properties, hardness, metallographic differences in structure and inclusions, and variations in chemical composition.

It has also been proven that this new test correlates well with the Taylor test, across a broad spectrum of chemistries and strength levels. Niagara LaSalle has conducted thousands of tests on STRESSPROOF® alone. Field feedback has shown that the test will pick up substandard batches and is sensitive not only to single but also multiple factors known to influence day-to-day production machining performance.

It is strongly felt that in our modern computer age, uniformity in machinability of a product has become a key factor in improved productivity, and Niagara LaSalle will continue to be responsive to the needs of its customers.

STRESSPROOF not only meets the minimum properties of ASTM A311, but it also has controlled low stresses, reliable machining, and improved surface quality. Result is longer part life with less manufacturing costs.

Comparison of ASTMA 311 and STRESSPROOF®

	ASTM A 311	STRESSPROOF®
Mechanical Property Tests	1 tension test every 50,000 lbs. or less of same lot for TENSILE, YIELD, ELONGATION/2", R/A	1 tension test for every 10,000 lbs. or less of same lot for TENSILE, YIELD, EL/2", R/A. If restraightened, then the same number of tests are again required.
Seam Depth Specification	No specification	Maximum seam depth of 0.010 up to 5/8" diameter. Thereafter 0.001 per each 1/16" of diameter, i.e., 1" dia.-0.016" max. depth of seam. Seams deeper than this are rejectable. This specification is 33% less than the standard for AISI 1144 grade.
Magnetic Testing	No specification	Every order is inspected for surface defects with a magnetic or roto bar tester. Seams deeper than that stated above are rejected.
Machinability Testing	No specification	One or more machinability tests are run every 10,000 lbs. or less of same lot. If final test is negative, the STRESSPROOF lot is rejected.
Warpage Testing	No specification	One warpage test is taken of first bar produced by a new or reground specialty designed drawing die. If this test indicates stresses are out of specification, the die is not used.
Drawing Die Testing	No specification	An optical comparator test is made of a mold from each new or reground die measuring the internal geometry of the die. Routine warpage tests are also conducted throughout the life of the die.

Facts

FACT: THE GRADE 1144 MODIFIED Grade AISI 1144 was originated by the LaSalle Steel Company in the mid-1930's for the purpose of making STRESSPROOF.

FACT: THE PATENT The original patent for STRESSPROOF, "the steel product and method of manufacture", was based on cold drawing with heavy drafts, i.e., higher-than-normal drafts. This was followed by the highest temperature stress relieving treatment possible to obtain a combination of properties… strength, wear resistance, minimum warpage, and excellent machinability.

FACT: HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS RELIEVING The importance of high temperature stress relieving to obtain maximum ductility, minimum warpage and excellent machinability is a major part of the original patent. The stress relieving temperature selection is based on 60 years of experience and thorough documentation.

FACT: PATENTED DRAWING DIES Niagara LaSalle's patented drawing dies have always been the most critical part of producing STRESSPROOF. Therefore, a warpage test is always performed on the first bar drawn through either a new or reground die. Warpage tests are also regularly made as part of a standard quality assurance procedure. Niagara LaSalle is the only mill to use a warpage test. The results then become an integral part of the quality assurance program.

FACT: SURFACE QUALITY To assure surface quality, comparitor or roto bar testing for seams on every order is a part of the STRESSPROOF manufacturing process. To further improve quality, Niagara LaSalle reduced the standard seam depth tolerance for STRESSPROOF from 0.0015 per each 1/16" to 0.0010 per each 1/16". This can mean a savings of 3% in material weight purchased.

FACT: MACHINABILITY ASSURANCE Machinability testing of all STRESSPROOF is regularly done as a part of the Niagara LaSalle Quality Assurance Program. Niagara LaSalle is the only mill in the world to use a machining test as part of a production and quality assurance program.

FACT: ASTM A311 SPECIFICATION This specification was written in an attempt to cover STRESSPROOF properties. This specification is very broad in that it covers eight grades and four conditions of stress relieved cold drawn bars to meet minimum mechanical property requirements.

FACT: MECHANICAL PROPERTY TESTING Mechanical property (tension) testing at Niagara LaSalle uses the largest sampling plan in the industry. A minimum of one test (tensile, yield, elongation, R/A) is made for every 50,000 lbs. or less. Mechanical property testing is always the final production operation after all processing is completed.

Technical Data:

Chemistry
Carbon	0.40/0.48
Manganese	1.35/1.65
Phosphorus	0.040 Max.
Sulphur	0.24/0.33
Silicon	0.15/0.35
* AISI 1144 heats to be used for STRESSPROOF® are nitrogen treated, and contain nitrogen in quantities normally associated with steel produced by the electric furnace process.

Medical Properties - To ASTM A311 Class B.
Tensile Strength	115,000 psi (Min.)
Yield Strength	100,000 psi (Min.)
Machining Characteristics	83% of 1212
Elongation	8% Min. (7% Min. above 3 in.)
Reduction of Area	25% Min. (20% Min. above 2 in.)
MICRO-STRUCTURE	Pearlite and ferrite
SIZE RANGE	Rounds 1/4" through 4-1/2" Hexagons 1/4" through 2"

12609 Alameda Drive I Strongsville, Ohio 44149 I 440.846.9500 I fax: 440.846.8446 I email: info@icimetals.com

ICI Metals is a metals service center servicing customers in Ohio, Indiana, Michigan and Pennsylvania. ICI Metals offers carbon and alloy steel, aluminum plate, extruded aluminum, and stainless steel. Services include precision aluminum plate sawing, precision bar sawing, shearing and inventory management. Contact us to learn more.